Motown-The+Sound+of+Integration

=**Motown-The Sound of Integration **=

    **Music Specialist**--Jake
 * Technology Specialist--**Dylan
 * Timeline Specialist**--Dylan and Danielle
 * Personality Profile Specialist**--Kelsey
 * SIC Specialist**--Jake
 * Image Specialist**--Kelsey And Danielle



[|TIMELINE] In **1959**, Billy Davis and Berry Gordy's sisters Gwen and Anna started Anna Records. Davis and Gwen Gordy wanted Berry to be the company president, but Berry wanted to strike out on his own. Therefore, in **1959**, he started Tamla Records, with an $800 loan from his family.
 * Berry Gordy The Founder of Motown Record **

Also in **1959**, Gordy purchased the property that would become Tamla's Hitsville U.S.A. studio. The photography studio located in the back of the property was modified into a small recording studio and the Gordys moved into the second floor living quarters.

Among Tamla's early artists were Mable John, Barrett Strong and (on the Motown label) Mary Wells. Tamla's first release was Marv Johnson's "Come to Me" in **1959**. Its first hit was Barrett Strong's "Money (That's What I Want)" (**1959**), which made it to #2 on the Billboard R&B charts; its first #1 R&B hit was "Shop Around" by the Miracles in **1960**.

In the **1960s** (from **1961** to **1971**), Motown had 110 Top Ten hits, and artists such as Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, Diana Ross & The Supremes, The Four Tops, and The Jackson 5, were all signed to Motown labels. The company operated several labels in addition to the Tamla and Motown imprints.

After Holland-Dozier-Holland left the label in **1967** over royalty payment disputes, the quality of the Motown output began to decline, as well as the frequency with which its artists scored #1 hits.

Motown had established branch offices in both New York City and Los Angeles during the **mid-1960s**, and by **1969** had begun gradually moving some of its operations to Los Angeles.

The company moved all of its operations to Los Angeles after **1972**, with a number of artists, among them Martha Reeves, The Four Tops, Gladys Knight & the Pips, and Motown's Funk Brothers studio band, either staying behind in Detroit or leaving the company for other reasons.

Despite losing Holland-Dozier-Holland, Norman Whitfield, and a number of its other hitmakers by **1975**, Motown still had a number of successful artists during the late **1970s** and **1980s**, including Lionel Richie and The Commodores, Rick James, Teena Marie and DeBarge.  KelseyGendron   Berry Gordy  ** ARTIST DEVELOPMENT ** Artist development was a major part of the Motor Town's operations. The acts on the Motown label were fastidiously groomed, dressed and choreographed for live performances. Motown artists were advised that their breakthrough into the white popular music market made them ambassadors for other African American artists seeking broad market acceptance, and that they should think, act, walk and talk like royalty, so as to alter the less-than-dignified image commonly held by white Americans in that era of black musicians. Given that many of the talented young artists had been raised in housing projects and were short on social and dress skills, this Motown department was not only necessary, it created an elegant style of presentation long associated with the label. The artist development department specialized primarily in working with younger, less experienced acts; experienced performers such as Junior Walker and Marvin Gaye were exempted from artist development classes. Many of the young artists participated in an annual package tour called the "Motortown Revue", which was popular first on the "chitlin circuit", and later around the world. The tours gave the younger singers a chance to hone their performance and social skills and also to learn from more experienced artists.
 *  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Started his career in the music industry as a producer and a songwriter
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He was born in 1929 in Detroit
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He became interested in songwriting as a youth
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Gordy has other job but he said he always wrote songs
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He had his first song writing success with "Reet Petite" in 1957
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Another success was "Lonely Teardrops"
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Gordy borrowed $800 from his family, and rented a a house
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He founded the Motown Record Corporation
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Later recorded rhythm-and-blues artists on Tamla Records
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">Signed Marble John
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">In 1957     <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> he discovered Smokey Robinson and The Miracles and began building a portfolio of successful artists
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He did not cultivate Cauasian artist
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">although right from the start some white artists were signed, such as Nick and the Jaguars, The Valadiers, Debbie Dean and Connie Vandyke.
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif">He did however have several white employees at Hitsville USA.
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> He promoted african american <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> artists— but carefully controlled their public image, dress, manners and choreography for crossover appeal.
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> Scored a minor hit with the first Tamla release, R&B singer Marv Johnson's "Come to me"

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #5f0ecd; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; COLOR: #7222a0; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="DISPLAY: block; COLOR: #33cfe6; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive; TEXT-ALIGN: center"> 2648 West Grand Boulevard-$800 loan from family <span style="FONT-SIZE: 110%; FONT-FAMILY: Georgia, serif"> <span style="COLOR: #ed2d26; FONT-FAMILY: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive">**Vintage Motown:** A jam session from the 1960s features Kim Weston (microphone) Stevie Wonder(dark glasses), Berry Gordy Jr. at the piano, Smokey Robinson (center rear) and Marv Johnson, at Gordy's left. To view an interactive google map of some key locations of Motown, go here--> http://maps.google.com/maps?hl=en&mid=1210071905